اعلانات هامة

This work was conducted on 93 ewes of Awassi race that are reared in the cattle of Alchola Center that belongs to General Corporation of Scientific Agricultural Research in Deir-ezzor, to study specifications of udder shape and its health indicators in relation to production and chemical composition of milk.

The ewes were divided into four groups according to the birth season and subjected to a program of oversexed time using hormonal progesterone sponges and the measurements of udder ( such as length, width, depth, nipple length, nipple diameter and height of the udder from the ground surface ) were taken. Also, the quantities of morning and evening milk were measured from lactation control every 15 days. Electrical conductivity of milk was measured in each ewe and considered as an average of morning and evening lactation in each half of the udder, and the proportions of hard components in the milk (fat, protein and lactose) were estimated as well. Then milk samples were taken to estimate concentration of chloride charges and somatic cell count. To confirm the attack by the udder mastitis or not, thinned milk samples were incubated with a culture of Staphylococcus.

Results showed that 84% of the tested ewes have analogue udder and 16 % of them have non-analogue udder and the differences between them were significant in respect of the somatic cell count, the electrical conductivity and the concentration of chloride in the milk, and the rate of udder mastitis attack as well. It was noticed that values of the electrical conductivity increased with the season, whereas these values were at their maximum limits within the season at the start and the end of lactation season with significant differences. No significant differences in the somatic cell count, the electrical conductivity and the concentration of chloride in relation to the udder specifications, in respect of length, width, depth and diameter of the nipple were observed. While height of the udder from the ground surface had highly significant effect in the logarithm somatic cell count in the milk, and the electrical conductivity and the concentration of chloride. Negative correlation between the quantity of milk and its content of fat, protein and lactose on one side and the udder health indicators (the electrical conductivity, number of germ cells, the concentration of chloride and the results of bacteria culture) on the other.

Key words: udder health indicators, milk, Awassi sheep

أجريت هذه الدراسة على / 93/ نعجة من سلالة أغنام العواس المرباة في قطيع مركز الشولا بدير الزور التابع للهيئة العامة للبحوث العلمية الزراعية وذلك بهدف دراسة مواصفات شكل الضرع وعلاقته بدلائل صحته وإنتاج الحليب وتركيبه الكيميائي. قسمت النعاج إلى أربع مجموعات تبعا لموسم الولادة وأخضعت لبرنامج توقيت الشبق باستخدام الاسفنجات الهرمونية البروجسترونية وحسبت مقاييس الضرع ( الطول العرض - العمق - طول الحلمة - قطر الحلمة - ارتفاع الضرع عن سطح الأرض) . كما قدرت كمية الإنتاج من الحليب الصباحية والمسائية من كونترول الحلابة كل 15 يوما . جرى قياس الناقلية الكهربائية للحليب في كل نعجة وحسب كمتوسط للحلابة الصباحية والمسائية في كل نصف من الضرع وقدرت نسبة المكونات الصلبة في الحليب ( دهن ، بروتين ، لاكتوز ) ثم أخذت عينات من الحليب لتقدير تركيز شوارد الكلور وعدد الخلايا الجسمية . ومن أجل تأكيد الإصابة بالتهاب الضرع من عدمها تمت زراعة مخففات من عينات الحليب علی بيئة اختيارية لبكتريا Staphylococcus.