اعلانات هامة

 More than half of the Syrian territory consists of arid and semi-arid steppe, receiving <200 mm of annual rainfall. This area is an important feeding resource for livestock. At present, however most of the steppe is intensively overgrazed by sheep and goats and suffers from soil erosion. The aim of the present study was to evaluate plant diversity under protected and overgrazing conditions in the dry area. The results showed high plant diversity in the protected area amounted to 123 species belonged to 98 genera and 31 families plant. While the number of species in the grazed area decreased to 32 species belonged to 31 genera and 16 families. In the protected area the family Asteraceae was represented by 27 species, while the family Poaceae and Fabaceae were represented by 16 ans 14 species respectively. In the grazed area 7 species belonging to the Asteraceae and 5 species belonging to Poaceae were found. The family Fabaceae, which is one of the important factions of the pasture and the ecosystem it has been the only two species. In the protected and grazed area, Therophytes were the most abundant life forms (54% and 56% of the total species).while Geophytes were the least presence life forms (5 % and 6 % of the total species) in the both areas. The qualitative composition of the vegetation cover varied between the protected and grazed areas, while the palatable species as Achillea membrancea, Salsola vermiculata, Poa bulbosa, Stipa barbata and Onobrychis ptolemaica disappeared from the grazed area and increased the unpalatable species as Peganum harmala, Haloxylun articulatum and Noaea mucronata.

تشغل المناطق الجافة أكثر من نصف مساحة سورية، حيث يهطل اقل من 200 ملم من الأمطار سنويا. وتتعرض المراعي في المناطق الجافة لعوامل استغلال مكثفة مثل الزراعة، واحتطاب الشجيرات الرعوية والرعي الجائر. الأمر الذي أدى إلى اندثار كثير من الأنواع النباتية والحيوانية ، كما أصبح كثيرمن الحيوانات النافعة مهدد بالانقراض. لهذا هدف البحث إلى تقييم التنوع النباتي في مراعي المناطق الجافة تحت ظروف الحماية والرعي الجائر.